What the data shows
The statewide editions. Four statewide codes build on the 2015 IRC: Michigan, North Carolina, Kentucky and DC. Four build on the 2018 IRC: Ohio, Indiana, Idaho and Minnesota. Fifteen build on the 2021 IRC, among them Florida, Virginia and Pennsylvania. Seven build on the 2024 IRC: California, Georgia, New Jersey, New York, New Hampshire, Oklahoma and Oregon. Wisconsin writes its own Uniform Dwelling Code, so we do not match it to an IRC edition. In Michigan, a court order has paused the move to the 2021 code.
What FEMA's ratings show. FEMA rates 36,727 cities, towns and counties. 51 percent of them are on an older edition, 26 percent have no code on file, and 23 percent have a current hazard-resistant code. In 14 states and DC, FEMA rates every place it tracks as older. In 12 states, among them California, Florida and Georgia, it rates every place as current.
Where no code is on file. The share of places with no code on file is highest in South Dakota (91.1%), Kansas (86.8%), North Dakota (84.3%), Missouri (79.5%), Iowa (75.3%) and Illinois (71.4%). None of these six states makes one residential code apply everywhere.
The two sources do not always agree. FEMA's data is from June 30, 2024. Oregon's statewide code is the 2026 edition, built on the 2024 IRC, but FEMA rates every Oregon place as older. Oklahoma now sets the 2024 IRC as its statewide floor, and FEMA rates 99.7 percent of its places as older. The statewide edition shows where a state stands now. FEMA's shares show what local places had on file in mid-2024.
What the table cannot tell you. It does not show how well a code is enforced, or how many homes were built under each edition. Hawaii has no FEMA places on file, so its shares show 0. To learn which edition applies at your address, ask your local building department.
The table
| State | Statewide edition | Older edition (%) | No code on file (%) | Current code (%) | FEMA places | Cities covered | Hand-checked cities | Note | State source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ohio | 2019 Residential Code of Ohio (2018 IRC base) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 2,245 | 491 | 1 | Ohio’s residential code applies statewide to one-, two- and three-family homes. | codes.ohio.gov |
| Michigan | 2015 Michigan Residential Code (2015 IRC base) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 1,738 | 398 | 1 | Michigan’s residential code applies statewide. A court order has paused the update to the 2021 code. | www.michigan.gov |
| Wisconsin | Wisconsin Uniform Dwelling Code (state-written, not IRC) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 1,601 | 355 | 0 | Wisconsin’s Uniform Dwelling Code applies statewide to one- and two-family homes. | docs.legis.wisconsin.gov |
| Indiana | 2020 Indiana Residential Code (2018 IRC base) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 1,569 | 291 | 0 | Indiana’s residential code applies in every part of the state. | secure.in.gov |
| North Carolina | 2018 North Carolina Residential Code (2015 IRC base) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 551 | 429 | 1 | North Carolina sets one residential code for the whole state. | www.ncosfm.gov |
| Maine | 2021 IRC (MUBEC) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 530 | 25 | 0 | Maine’s building code must be enforced in towns of 4,000 or more people. Smaller towns may choose to adopt it. | www.maine.gov |
| Kentucky | 2018 Kentucky Residential Code (2015 IRC base) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 416 | 245 | 0 | Kentucky’s residential code applies statewide. | apps.legislature.ky.gov |
| Massachusetts | Massachusetts State Building Code, 10th ed. (2021 IRC base) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 352 | 86 | 1 | Massachusetts sets one State Building Code for every city and town. | www.mass.gov |
| Vermont | 100% | 0% | 0% | 268 | 28 | 0 | Vermont has no statewide residential building code. The state sets energy standards for homes. | www.iccsafe.org | |
| Oregon | 2026 Oregon Residential Specialty Code (2024 IRC base) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 240 | 151 | 1 | Oregon sets one residential code for the whole state. | www.oregon.gov |
| Virginia | 2021 Virginia Residential Code (2021 IRC base) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 228 | 306 | 0 | Virginia’s Uniform Statewide Building Code applies in every city and county. | dhcd.virginia.gov |
| Idaho | 2018 IRC with Idaho amendments | 100% | 0% | 0% | 200 | 77 | 0 | Idaho sets a state residential code. Cities and counties that enforce codes must use it and may not make it stricter. | legislature.idaho.gov |
| Alaska | 100% | 0% | 0% | 146 | 16 | 0 | Alaska has no statewide residential code. Cities choose their own. | www.iccsafe.org | |
| Rhode Island | Rhode Island One and Two Family Dwelling Code (2021 IRC base) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 40 | 17 | 0 | Rhode Island’s State Building Code applies statewide. | rules.sos.ri.gov |
| District of Columbia | 2017 DC Residential Code (2015 IRC base) | 100% | 0% | 0% | 1 | 1 | 1 | The District sets one code for the whole city. | dob.dc.gov |
| Oklahoma | 2024 IRC with OUBCC amendments | 99.7% | 0% | 0.3% | 588 | 176 | 0 | Oklahoma sets a statewide minimum residential code. | oklahoma.gov |
| Minnesota | 2020 Minnesota Residential Code (2018 IRC base) | 97.6% | 0% | 2.4% | 2,713 | 331 | 1 | Minnesota’s residential code applies statewide. Local governments enforce it. | www.dli.mn.gov |
| Delaware | 89.5% | 3.5% | 7% | 57 | 44 | 0 | Delaware has no statewide residential code. Counties and cities adopt their own. The state sets an energy code. | www.iccsafe.org | |
| Pennsylvania | 2021 IRC with Pennsylvania amendments | 89.5% | 0% | 10.5% | 2,561 | 569 | 2 | Pennsylvania’s Uniform Construction Code applies statewide. | www.pittsburghpa.gov |
| Wyoming | 79.8% | 0% | 20.2% | 99 | 34 | 0 | Wyoming has no statewide residential code. Cities and counties adopt their own. | www.iccsafe.org | |
| Mississippi | 79.5% | 9.7% | 10.7% | 298 | 123 | 0 | Mississippi has no mandatory statewide residential code. Local governments choose their own, and some coastal counties must enforce wind rules. | www.iccsafe.org | |
| Arkansas | 2021 Arkansas Fire Prevention Code, Vol. III (2021 IRC base) | 61.8% | 0% | 38.2% | 500 | 173 | 0 | Arkansas applies one residential code statewide, including rural areas. | www.law.cornell.edu |
| Colorado | 50.9% | 24% | 25.1% | 271 | 170 | 1 | Colorado has no statewide residential code. Cities and counties adopt their own, and state law sets energy code minimums. | www.leg.colorado.gov | |
| Arizona | 45.1% | 4.4% | 50.5% | 91 | 93 | 1 | Arizona has no statewide residential code. Cities and counties adopt their own. | www.iccsafe.org | |
| Alabama | 35.7% | 48% | 16.3% | 460 | 250 | 0 | Alabama has no mandatory statewide residential code. Cities and counties adopt their own. A state residential code may apply where no local code does. | hblb.alabama.gov | |
| Tennessee | 32.7% | 43.7% | 23.6% | 343 | 279 | 0 | Tennessee sets a statewide minimum code for one- and two-family homes, but counties and cities may opt out or enforce their own. | awc.org | |
| West Virginia | 30.6% | 54.7% | 14.7% | 232 | 111 | 0 | West Virginia has a State Building Code, but local adoption is optional. A city or county that adopts a code must use the state code. | wvleap.wvu.edu | |
| Texas | 30.5% | 44.2% | 25.3% | 1,214 | 663 | 4 | Texas has no statewide residential code. Cities adopt their own editions, and state law sets the 2012 IRC as the floor. | texas.public.law | |
| New Mexico | 2021 New Mexico Residential Building Code (2021 IRC base) | 22.9% | 0% | 77.1% | 105 | 48 | 0 | New Mexico’s residential code applies statewide. | srca.nm.gov |
| Illinois | 22.2% | 71.4% | 6.4% | 2,472 | 533 | 1 | Illinois has no statewide residential code. Cities and counties adopt their own, and Chicago writes its own code. | cdb.illinois.gov | |
| Iowa | 19.2% | 75.3% | 5.5% | 943 | 276 | 0 | Iowa has no mandatory statewide residential code. Cities may adopt the state code or their own. | www.legis.iowa.gov | |
| Missouri | 16.6% | 79.5% | 3.9% | 2,173 | 319 | 1 | Missouri has no statewide residential code. Cities and counties adopt their own. | www.iccsafe.org | |
| Kansas | 10.8% | 86.8% | 2.4% | 1,826 | 153 | 0 | Kansas has no statewide residential code. Cities and counties adopt their own. | www.iccsafe.org | |
| North Dakota | 7% | 84.3% | 8.7% | 1,750 | 37 | 0 | North Dakota has no mandatory statewide residential code. A city or county that enforces a code must use the State Building Code. | www.commerce.nd.gov | |
| South Dakota | 6.1% | 91.1% | 2.9% | 1,322 | 47 | 0 | South Dakota has no statewide residential code. A city that adopts one must use the 2021 IRC and may not make it stricter. | sdlegislature.gov | |
| Nevada | 5.3% | 0% | 94.7% | 19 | 28 | 1 | Nevada has no statewide residential code. Cities and counties adopt their own, and Southern Nevada shares one set of amendments. | www.iccsafe.org | |
| New York | 2025 Residential Code of New York State (2024 IRC base) | 0.5% | 0% | 99.5% | 1,330 | 410 | 1 | New York’s Uniform Code applies statewide, except in New York City. New York City writes its own code. | dos.ny.gov |
| New Hampshire | 2024 IRC with New Hampshire amendments | 0.4% | 0% | 99.6% | 259 | 20 | 0 | New Hampshire’s State Building Code applies in every town. | www.merrimacknh.gov |
| Nebraska | 0% | 0% | 100% | 1,433 | 115 | 0 | Nebraska has no mandatory statewide residential code. A city or county that adopts a code must use the state code or one like it. | nebraskalegislature.gov | |
| New Jersey | 2024 IRC, New Jersey edition | 0% | 0% | 100% | 566 | 345 | 0 | New Jersey’s Uniform Construction Code applies statewide. | www.nj.gov |
| Georgia | 2024 IRC with Georgia amendments | 0% | 0% | 100% | 527 | 333 | 1 | Georgia sets minimum codes that every city and county must enforce. | dca.georgia.gov |
| California | 2025 California Residential Code (2024 IRC base) | 0% | 0% | 100% | 481 | 652 | 5 | California sets one residential code for the whole state. Cities may add local amendments. | www.dgs.ca.gov |
| Florida | 2023 Florida Building Code, Residential (2021 IRC base) | 0% | 0% | 100% | 410 | 411 | 3 | Florida sets one building code for the whole state. Local amendments are limited. | www.floridabuilding.org |
| Louisiana | 2021 IRC with Louisiana amendments | 0% | 0% | 100% | 303 | 176 | 0 | Louisiana’s State Uniform Construction Code sets the minimum statewide. | www.icc-nta.org |
| Washington | 2021 IRC with Washington amendments | 0% | 0% | 100% | 281 | 229 | 1 | Washington’s State Building Code applies statewide. Cities may amend some parts. | sbcc.wa.gov |
| South Carolina | 2021 IRC with South Carolina modifications | 0% | 0% | 100% | 269 | 178 | 0 | South Carolina’s building codes apply in every city and county. | llr.sc.gov |
| Utah | 2021 IRC with Utah amendments | 0% | 0% | 100% | 247 | 113 | 0 | Utah’s State Construction Code applies statewide. | le.utah.gov |
| Connecticut | 2022 Connecticut State Building Code (2021 IRC base) | 0% | 0% | 100% | 176 | 38 | 0 | Connecticut sets one State Building Code for every town. | portal.ct.gov |
| Maryland | 2021 IRC with Maryland amendments | 0% | 0% | 100% | 156 | 238 | 1 | Maryland’s building standards apply statewide. Local governments may amend them. | labor.maryland.gov |
| Montana | 2021 IRC with Montana amendments | 0% | 0% | 100% | 127 | 71 | 0 | Montana sets a state building code. Certified cities and counties enforce it. | bsd.dli.mt.gov |
| Hawaii | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0 | 36 | 0 | Hawaii’s state council adopts a residential code, and each county adopts it with its own amendments. The edition may differ from county to county. | ags.hawaii.gov |
Method
- Code status comes from FEMA Building Code Adoption Tracking (BCAT), data as of 2024-06-30. FEMA rates each place: current means it has adopted a current hazard-resistant code, older means an older edition, none means no code on file with FEMA.
- FEMA places are the cities, towns and counties FEMA rates in the state. The three shares are each status as a percent of those places.
- Statewide edition is the residential code that applies across the state, from our hand check of each state's code office (2026-10-08). It is empty when no single edition applies everywhere; the note says why.
- Cities covered is the number of our city pages in the state with a code status. Hand-checked cities have their own edition read from the city or state code office; the rest show FEMA's status for the place or its county.
- 1 state has no FEMA places on file; its shares show 0.
- Sorted by the share of FEMA places on an older edition, then the share with no code on file, both largest first.